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India

CCPA Dark Pattern Guidelines, 2023

India's Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA) issued the Guidelines for Prevention and Regulation of Dark Patterns, 2023 under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, recognizing 13 specific dark patterns - from false urgency and basket sneaking to subscription traps and fake reviews - as unfair trade practices. E-commerce, fintech and D2C platforms face real enforcement risk. We audit and remediate product flows against the guidelines.

Overview

India's Central Consumer Protection Authority (CCPA) issued the Guidelines for Prevention and Regulation of Dark Patterns, 2023 under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, recognizing 13 specific dark patterns - from false urgency and basket sneaking to subscription traps and fake reviews - as unfair trade practices. E-commerce, fintech and D2C platforms face real enforcement risk. We audit and remediate product flows against the guidelines.

Who Needs to Comply?

E-commerce, fintech, D2C, EdTech and any consumer-facing platform selling to Indian users.

Key Requirements

13 recognized patterns

False urgency, basket sneaking, confirmshaming, forced action, subscription traps, drip pricing and more, defined by the CCPA.

Enforceable under the CPA, 2019

Violations can trigger CCPA action and penalties, alongside reputational and platform-policy risk.

Global overlap

Findings cross-map to FTC guidance and the EU's DSA/UCPD for products selling internationally.

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